正参考的20分钟科学报告提纲：& t9 i* N0 o5 _* b
1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)& K; C4 O. G. M" @
2. Forecast (1 slide)： Give gist of problem attacked and insight found (What is the one idea you want people to leave with? This is the "abstract" of an oral presentation.)
0 P# S$ Z/ c1 Q 3. Outline (1 slide)： Give talk structure. Some speakers prefer to put this at the bottom of their title slide. (Audiences like predictability.)7 l9 }/ y2 j$ V M8 [
4. Background
0 j, l/ A6 W* e3 G) |; u9 c 4-1. Motivation and Problem Statement (1-2 slides)：(Why should anyone care? Most researchers overestimate how much the audience knows about the problem they are attacking.)
8 A+ w4 f8 K( Z0 c6 _4 | 4-2. Related Work (0-1 slides)： Cover superficially or omit; refer people to your paper.! h. K1 q! X5 F
4-3. Methods (1 slide)： Cover quickly in short talks; refer people to your paper.
: [" y" B4 w' m. U! N' h8 { 5. Results (4-6 slides)： Present key results and key insights. This is main body of the talk. Its internal structure varies greatly as a function of the researcher's contribution. (Do not superficially cover all results; cover key result well. Do not just present numbers; interpret them to give insights. Do not put up large tables of numbers.)* c2 l7 [) v4 y+ z8 w: u
6. Summary (1 slide)
! Q% N* b6 J- V' k7 l$ c/ N: U 7. Future Work (0-1 slides)：Optionally give problems this research opens up.; Q& ?5 C( _9 A- q& K- W; }' m( m ]$ i, |
8. Backup Slides (0-3 slides): Optionally have a few slides ready (not counted in your talk total) to answer expected questions. (Likely question areas: ideas glossed over, shortcomings of methods or results, and future work.)
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简洁版： 1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)
. z A, H* k8 Q+ L) d8 w 2. Motivation (1 slide)! \' n0 d- F+ `, y h# z
3. Background (1 slide)% B2 a, I% A, L+ t$ r
4. Hypothesis (1 slide)3 g4 b! o3 G5 e# {4 R
5. Results (8 slides)8 {" ~; C- \9 r
6. Conclusion (1 slide)# I; n A9 B5 D. ^( o/ y
7. Future Work (1 slide)
" c" \( C. ^1 i2 Z' G 8. Acknowledgements (1slide), V) T: U/ |: W0 U; w' a. s; x
9. Backup Slides: {$ \" e- Y8 B2 @ m' j* w
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举个例子：. L) {7 t1 g* |4 }6 u
6 E; t* @$ S! T3 N, U+ d# U" R5 _（1）原则0 V" i7 T4 s3 l0 g2 C" I
首先，引用 A PhD is not enough 中的话：7 P/ {0 D* `% o0 \
As the speaker you are putting on a one-man show. Your listeners are investigating an hour of their valuable time... They expect to hear a good story, with a beginning, a middle and an end...: J0 r. o( y* e$ L
... Never over-estimate your audience...+ i. M9 y, Q$ d& @( O* Y
是的，要讲一个“故事”，因为大家都喜欢听故事，无厘头在这里就不靠谱了。而且要尽量讲得简单易懂，化繁为简，林老师也说“如果学术报告能够让老妈也能听懂，就是成功”（据说是 Don Forsyth 的名言）。6 s% H3 p, H. V2 ^" W! A
. o5 F2 O4 j0 b. t, Y（2）结构
2 _7 b* }6 k& l4 }* K我之前分享了一份20分钟科学演讲的提纲：
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9 O; I* u5 B- A& o, I/ C以“讲故事”为目标，修改后的最终版本PPT的结构变成了：
- `5 X4 q1 N8 y4 f, t1 w 1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)
- \* @4 u3 Q+ z3 f 2. Motivation (1 slide)
- U' n$ \+ V7 X* N1 N& I' G' F& N' C 3. Background (1 slide)" T) j4 L$ l* _; \" v3 C
4. Hypothesis (1 slide)
% X" G$ Q9 b9 L) Q5 x1 D% ^$ J 5. Results (8 slides)
( T, ^9 _. I5 f1 s 6. Conclusion (1 slide)
* P2 O! ?4 d: g7 n 7. Future Work (1 slide)
/ Z$ {$ d. S/ Y4 u: t$ I& k9 `" K6 m- v' @ 8. Acknowledgements (1slide)
) C( ^# {8 J+ r( H5 {5 E( F 9. Backup Slides+ _5 M# C/ j( P( t! H% c2 Q: _
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几点我觉得比较重要的改变包括：
8 ?1 D% b! M+ V/ F" }a. 删除 Forcast & Outline，这是为了更快的进入“故事”；其实所有与故事无关的都应当删去。: m+ h/ }1 Z( G* R% G* h1 m' t: R
b. 缩减 Background，删减后的这个部分只有一张slide，只包括“故事”中必须要用到的概念。% N" m5 b7 a8 ?/ M2 E+ {) Y) e u
c. 增加 Hypothesis，这个部分有点像文章的 Introduction，与最后的Conclusion对应，介绍这个研究的科学问题。2 V4 ^% y! D1 f3 _7 @ ~+ l, U
d. 加大 Results 的份额，这个就不用多说了吧。“讲故事”就在这里。当然了，我发现真正在准备的时候还是很费时的，因为要注意顺序问题，怎样能一张一张有逻辑的将故事说圆了，让大家都没有疑惑。
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, b- m7 s* @1 P. a0 ]（3）讲故事6 }7 T L4 j9 C+ l. h# U
也就是 Results 部分，也是报告真正的核心内容。与写文章不同的是，因为时间限制，细节问题不需要讨论；这样才能将重要的内容凸显出来。图多字少不用公式也是给短报告的一个原则。" l4 D- f% [: ~9 D
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（4）风格0 ^, O/ \4 @$ a7 q
我的第一个版本的每一张 Slide 都包括了进度条和姓名时间，后来在林老师的建议下删掉了。这是因为要“努力使听众集中注意力听故事”。. C, @& ]7 e( Q7 [: {5 Z; R
同样，制作 PPT 还有很多细节问题，有些关乎个人风格。目标当然是要显得“Professional”了。下面是林老师在帮我修改 PPT 时的一些建议，在这里与大家分享一下：
5 V& P7 f% t( I/ a2 n. H) ha. 字体: Aria narrow.# W' r8 j! }& t3 v1 E& M
字体大小: title 32, subtitle 28 etc., not smaller than 185 M" h( f9 {7 P+ s
b.深色底色加上浅色（比如白&黄色）的字
% x( P1 c' ?* `% H- T4 Jc. 不要过分展示别人的结果，专注于讲自己的故事。# o* h2 x+ e1 V$ I" Q
: V2 {# D3 p3 ~9 L- u（5）画图
! z2 D& u* @+ L2 a6 U; }$ ?因为图片在报告的重要性，PPT 中的每一张图都要重新画过，推荐用 png 格式。我用 AI 将 pdf 转成 png 格式，同时要注意分辨率，字体大小的问题。下面链接是个很详细的说明：" u; c; s$ ]! ^+ ~' T! k0 E
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