正参考的20分钟科学报告提纲：
' s# g' Y( g% h" r 1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)/ X2 P& P: G& o0 I7 D G
2. Forecast (1 slide)： Give gist of problem attacked and insight found (What is the one idea you want people to leave with? This is the "abstract" of an oral presentation.)
* t: m3 |5 ^* d* v4 [1 J 3. Outline (1 slide)： Give talk structure. Some speakers prefer to put this at the bottom of their title slide. (Audiences like predictability.)! i/ p- R2 E& T5 q" k* b
4. Background# z1 V% P0 O) B
4-1. Motivation and Problem Statement (1-2 slides)：(Why should anyone care? Most researchers overestimate how much the audience knows about the problem they are attacking.)
, g* s* i( w% i* z 4-2. Related Work (0-1 slides)： Cover superficially or omit; refer people to your paper.
4 S- M% s: R$ y& V) S: X j 4-3. Methods (1 slide)： Cover quickly in short talks; refer people to your paper.
( o, B0 o/ f2 J+ J' A% B 5. Results (4-6 slides)： Present key results and key insights. This is main body of the talk. Its internal structure varies greatly as a function of the researcher's contribution. (Do not superficially cover all results; cover key result well. Do not just present numbers; interpret them to give insights. Do not put up large tables of numbers.)
8 x3 p! }$ v4 Q 6. Summary (1 slide)
4 T6 h$ `. x9 C5 J 7. Future Work (0-1 slides)：Optionally give problems this research opens up.2 g. S4 Q8 u6 v6 f% d' T/ g! V
8. Backup Slides (0-3 slides): Optionally have a few slides ready (not counted in your talk total) to answer expected questions. (Likely question areas: ideas glossed over, shortcomings of methods or results, and future work.)8 P$ i3 c2 L8 i$ E0 N. ]
7 L! r, G6 e" a0 J' ~- B简洁版： 1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)' F( _6 M" q; J
2. Motivation (1 slide)
. T6 r# `/ `' s9 T: d 3. Background (1 slide)& c; t) ^, N# L* n5 Y' A
4. Hypothesis (1 slide)
) ^, `9 Q. f; g1 L( ]% x 5. Results (8 slides)6 X* R+ \7 b. W
6. Conclusion (1 slide); _ y+ D& C( J/ H6 }( N' _) X
7. Future Work (1 slide)
0 E3 [9 Z) i: q 8. Acknowledgements (1slide)
|; Y5 g3 b0 [7 ?: W 9. Backup Slides5 }6 U7 L* ]' B$ B
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举个例子：
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+ v8 q3 j. X7 Q% J（1）原则# O( }: ~9 `6 Z( f5 x- f: U, s
首先，引用 A PhD is not enough 中的话： z$ v4 h9 Y( `# Q, z) R
As the speaker you are putting on a one-man show. Your listeners are investigating an hour of their valuable time... They expect to hear a good story, with a beginning, a middle and an end...
/ z: f- {2 G( H8 Y. x4 Z( M... Never over-estimate your audience...) [4 V% |; g/ |: K$ _; k6 W2 I# Q' l
是的，要讲一个“故事”，因为大家都喜欢听故事，无厘头在这里就不靠谱了。而且要尽量讲得简单易懂，化繁为简，林老师也说“如果学术报告能够让老妈也能听懂，就是成功”（据说是 Don Forsyth 的名言）。
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6 e0 p! I2 Y5 c/ g% f（2）结构
`7 Z- R f4 J6 z1 G |我之前分享了一份20分钟科学演讲的提纲：: G7 z0 ?5 u, F3 h' F: v8 p
http://www.joyocean.org/viewthread.php?tid=1789&extra=page%3D1+ o: q, W/ \0 {
以“讲故事”为目标，修改后的最终版本PPT的结构变成了：
0 a2 c1 \' Z5 ]2 k 1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)
: l, c& P; {& J' D 2. Motivation (1 slide)* N. B+ K/ `$ A5 P# j, g- N! Z
3. Background (1 slide)
3 [1 ]5 S( G, z$ }" }8 V 4. Hypothesis (1 slide)6 i0 O( F: k) H: w( c* b4 C0 X2 L) l1 d
5. Results (8 slides)2 B* f# G& @' w$ r& \$ Z0 \
6. Conclusion (1 slide)
3 G4 q! j5 U' O2 @! B' I 7. Future Work (1 slide)
* g7 q+ }" X. ?$ h$ F7 R. _' \, } 8. Acknowledgements (1slide)
! `+ l i' f4 _3 P 9. Backup Slides
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8 x- t0 ^* p2 D' K: u几点我觉得比较重要的改变包括：
+ E9 V8 C, m! ta. 删除 Forcast & Outline，这是为了更快的进入“故事”；其实所有与故事无关的都应当删去。( q$ R; I1 K, W6 w: A
b. 缩减 Background，删减后的这个部分只有一张slide，只包括“故事”中必须要用到的概念。- B/ M; |, B1 H9 S
c. 增加 Hypothesis，这个部分有点像文章的 Introduction，与最后的Conclusion对应，介绍这个研究的科学问题。
" `2 z" u& a$ {6 d5 J1 pd. 加大 Results 的份额，这个就不用多说了吧。“讲故事”就在这里。当然了，我发现真正在准备的时候还是很费时的，因为要注意顺序问题，怎样能一张一张有逻辑的将故事说圆了，让大家都没有疑惑。
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（3）讲故事2 c8 j: i8 ?/ P0 ~" B7 |5 k `
也就是 Results 部分，也是报告真正的核心内容。与写文章不同的是，因为时间限制，细节问题不需要讨论；这样才能将重要的内容凸显出来。图多字少不用公式也是给短报告的一个原则。
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' x$ p% P; x. ^3 I9 Y' N（4）风格
8 y7 B* q" b0 n$ \我的第一个版本的每一张 Slide 都包括了进度条和姓名时间，后来在林老师的建议下删掉了。这是因为要“努力使听众集中注意力听故事”。
" {0 _5 O7 N o# j, |同样，制作 PPT 还有很多细节问题，有些关乎个人风格。目标当然是要显得“Professional”了。下面是林老师在帮我修改 PPT 时的一些建议，在这里与大家分享一下：
$ f+ G" m1 |6 ?: o/ B [a. 字体: Aria narrow.
0 g* v0 O( P* E1 n" d8 c3 d g 字体大小: title 32, subtitle 28 etc., not smaller than 18
* T" }4 h. y, o+ ~& Tb.深色底色加上浅色（比如白&黄色）的字5 G. r. J% j1 E
c. 不要过分展示别人的结果，专注于讲自己的故事。4 ^; I1 S2 ^1 e5 e& x$ H
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（5）画图' l/ o! J4 T8 Z. f" d! A) ^$ J" U
因为图片在报告的重要性，PPT 中的每一张图都要重新画过，推荐用 png 格式。我用 AI 将 pdf 转成 png 格式，同时要注意分辨率，字体大小的问题。下面链接是个很详细的说明：9 |9 }: `! w/ l) y! X7 } r$ s% a: G J
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Ref：www.52ocean.cn
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